Buyan Documentation

B0001

Unknown Error

The compiler encountered an internal condition that does not have a more specific diagnostic.

Example

[B0001] Error: Unknown Error
  Invalid module for word

How to fix

This normally indicates a compiler bug rather than an error in Buyan source code. Save the source that triggered the error and the complete compiler output, then report them at the Buyan issue tracker.

Include the smallest source file that reproduces the error.

B0002

File Not Found

The entrypoint passed to the compiler does not exist or cannot be read.

Example

$ buyan ./missing.by

How to fix

Pass the path to an existing Buyan source file.

$ buyan ./examples/hello_world.by

B0003

Import Error

An imported module could not be found. Standard-library imports must also name a supported module.

Example

import missing;

module app;

How to fix

Create the imported module at the corresponding path, remove the import, or correct its name.

import std.io;

module app;

B0004

Unexpected Token

The lexer found a character or token that is not valid in Buyan source code.

Example

module app;
!

How to fix

Remove the invalid token or replace it with valid Buyan syntax.

module app;

B0005

Parse Error

The tokens are individually valid, but they do not form a valid Buyan program.

Example

module app;

def main( -- )
    1u8

How to fix

Complete the construct indicated by the diagnostic. This word is missing its closing end.

module app;

def main( -- u8)
    1u8
end

B0006

Invalid Attribute

The attribute attached to a word is not supported.

Example

module app;

#[inline]
def main( -- u8) 1u8 end

How to fix

Remove the unsupported attribute.

module app;

def main( -- u8) 1u8 end

B0007

Symbol Already Exists

Two modules, words, structs, or generic variables resolve to the same symbol name.

Example

module app;

def value( -- u8) 1u8 end
def value( -- u8) 2u8 end

How to fix

Give every symbol a unique name in its scope.

module app;

def first( -- u8) 1u8 end
def second( -- u8) 2u8 end

B0008

Symbol Not Found

The compiler could not resolve a referenced type, word, struct, or module.

Example

module app;

def main(Missing -- Missing) end

How to fix

Correct the symbol name, define it, or import the module that contains it.

module app;

def main( -- u8) 1u8 end

B0009

Invalid Symbol

A known symbol was used where the compiler expected a different kind of symbol. If valid Buyan source triggers this error, it may indicate an internal compiler inconsistency.

Example

[B0009] Error: Invalid Symbol
  symbol 'app.main' cannot be used here

How to fix

Check that calls refer to words and type positions refer to types or structs.

Include the source file and complete compiler output in the issue.

B0010

Recursive Struct

A struct contains itself directly or through another struct, so its size cannot be determined.

Example

module app;

struct A(B);
struct B(A);

How to fix

Break the recursive chain by replacing one of the recursive fields with a non-recursive type.

module app;

struct A(B);
struct B(u8);

B0011

Invalid Field Index

A struct field access uses an index outside the struct’s field range. Field indexes start at zero.

Example

module app;

struct Pair(u8, u16);

def first(Pair -- u8) Pair.2 end

How to fix

Use an index that exists on the struct.

module app;

struct Pair(u8, u16);

def first(Pair -- u8) Pair.0 end

B0012

Invalid Stack

The current stack does not match the inputs required by an instruction or the output declared by a word.

Example

import std.u8;
import std.str;

module app;

def main( -- u8)
    1u8
    "two"
    std.u8.add
end

How to fix

Make the produced values match the required stack types and order.

import std.u8;

module app;

def main( -- u8)
    1u8
    2u8
    std.u8.add
end

B0013

Empty Word

A non-builtin word has no instructions in its body. This is reported as a warning.

Example

module app;

def main( -- ) end

How to fix

Add the intended implementation or remove the unused word.

module app;

def main( -- u8)
    1u8
end

B0014

Unused Import

A module is imported but none of its words or structs are used. This is reported as a warning.

Example

import std.io;

module app;

def main( -- u8) 1u8 end

How to fix

Remove the import or use a symbol from the imported module.

module app;

def main( -- u8) 1u8 end

B0015

Runtime Error

The interpreter encountered an invalid runtime condition.

How to fix

Read the diagnostic message for the exact cause.

B0016

Cannot Infer Type

The compiler could not infer all polymorphic parameters from the available inputs.

Example

module app;

#[builtin]
def make<T>( -- T) end

def main( -- u8)
    make
end

How to fix

Provide an input or another type constraint from which the generic parameter can be inferred.

module app;

#[builtin]
def identity<T>(T -- T) end

def main( -- u8)
    1u8
    identity
end

B0017

Invalid String Literal

String literals may contain only ASCII characters.

Example

import std.str;

module app;

def main( -- std.str.Str)
    "Привет"
end

How to fix

Replace non-ASCII characters with an ASCII representation.

import std.str;

module app;

def main( -- std.str.Str)
    "Hello"
end

B0018

Data Overflow

The data is too large.

Example

import std.str;

module app;

def main( -- std.str.Str)
    "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef"
end

How to fix

Reduce or split the data that exceeded the limit.